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nuclear power by country
Nuclear power stations operate in 31 countries. China has 28 new reactors under construction,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=China Nuclear Power - Chinese Nuclear Energy )〕 and there are also a considerable number of new reactors being built in South Korea, India, and Russia. At the same time, at least 100 older and smaller reactors will "most probably be closed over the next 10-15 years".〔Michael Dittmar. (Taking stock of nuclear renaissance that never was ) ''Sydney Morning Herald'', 18 August 2010.〕 So the expanding nuclear programs in Asia are balanced by retirements of ageing plants and nuclear reactor phase-outs.
In 2010, before the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, it was reported that an average of about 10 nuclear reactors were expected to become operational per year, although according to the World Nuclear Association, of the 17 civilian reactors planned to become operational between 2007 and 2009, only five actually came on stream.〔 As of June 2011, Germany and Switzerland are phasing-out nuclear power〔 which will be replaced mostly by fossil fuels, and a smaller part renewable energy.
As of 2012, countries such as Australia, Austria, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, and Portugal remain opposed to nuclear power. Global nuclear electricity generation in 2012 was at its lowest level since 1999.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Nuclear Renaissance )〕
== Overview ==
Of the thirty countries in which nuclear power plants operate, only France, Belgium, Hungary and Slovakia use them as the primary source of electricity, although many other countries have a significant nuclear power generation capacity.〔 According to the World Nuclear Association, a nuclear power advocacy group, over 45 countries are giving "serious consideration" to introducing a nuclear power capability, with Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey, Vietnam, Belarus, and Jordan at the forefront. China, South Korea and India are pursuing ambitious expansions of their nuclear power capacities, with China aiming to increase capacity to at least 80 GWe by 2020, 200 GWe by 2030 and 400 GWe by 2050. South Korea plans to expand its nuclear capacity from 20.7 GWe in 2012 to 27.3 GWe in 2020 and to 43 GWe by 2030. India aims to have 14.6 GWe nuclear power generation capacity by 2020 and 63 GWe by 2032 and to have 25% of all electricity supplied by nuclear power by 2050.
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